document.write('\
Year | Name | Current Position | E-mail Address |
---|---|---|---|
2002(Professor) | \Takehiko ISHIGURO | \Professor emeritus, Kyoto University, Japan | \tishiscphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp | \
Year | Name | Current Position | E-mail Address |
---|---|---|---|
2007(Lecturer) | \Satoru NAKATSUJI | \Professor, Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Japan | \satoruissp.u-tokyo.ac.jp | \
2007(Assistant Professor) | \Hiroshi YAGUCHI | \Professor, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Japan | \\ |
1998(Assistant Professor) | \Hiroshi ITO | \Associate Professor, Department of Applied Physics, Nagoya University, Japan | \itonuap.nagoya-u.ac.jp | \
1993(Assistant Professor) | \Yoshio NOGAMI | \Professor, Okayama University, Japan | \nogamipsun.phys.okayama-u.ac.jp | \
Year | Name | Current Position | E-mail Address |
---|---|---|---|
2020 | \\ | \ | \ |
2015 | \Yuko ITO | \\ | \ |
2013 | \Yukari NISHIMURA | \\ | \ |
2009 | \Yuko FUKAHARA | \\ | \ |
2009 | \Rena TUKAMOTO | \\ | \ |
2008 | \Yoshimi MURATA | \\ | \ |
2005 | \Naoko KOTEGAWA (ITO) | \\ | \ |
2002 | \Shimako NAKAJIMA | \\ | \ |
Year | Name | Current Position | E-mail Address |
---|---|---|---|
2006(Visiting Professor) | \Manfred SIGRIST | \Professor, Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich, Switzerland | \\ |
2006(Visiting Professor) | \Andrew P. MACKENZIE | \Professor, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, UK | \\ |
2006(Visiting Associate Professor) | \Glenn C. PAQUETTE | \Associate Professor, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University | \\ |
2005(Visiting Professor) | \Douglas E. MACLAUGHLIN | \Professor, University of California Riverside, USA | \\ |
2005(Visiting Associate Professor) | \Antonio VECCHIONE | \Consiglio Nazionale per le Ricerche, Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, Italy | \\ |
2004(Visiting Associate Professor) | \Oscar O. BERNAL | \Program Director, Condensed Matter Physics, National Science Foundation, USA | \Obernalnsf.gov | \
2004(Visiting Associate Professor) | \Santiago A. GRIGERA | \University of St Andrews, UK | \sag2st-and.ac.uk | \
2003(Visiting Associate Professor) | \Yatramohan JANA | \Reader, Department of Physics, University of Kalyani, India | \yatramohanyahoo.com | \
2001(Visiting Professor) | \Denis JEROME | \Professor, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Universtite Paris Sud, France | \\ |
2001(Visiting Professor) | \Andrei LEBED | \Professor, Landau Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia | \\ |
1999(Visiting Professor) | \Pierre MONCEAU | \Professor, CNRS, Centre de Recherche sur les Tres Basses, France | \\ |
1997(Visiting Professor) | \Rustem B. LYUBOVSKII | \Professor, Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia | \\ |
1996(Visiting Professor) | \Vladimir N. LAUKHIN | \Professor, Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia | \\ |
Year | Name | Current Position | E-mail Address |
---|---|---|---|
2019(PD) | \Takanori TANIGUCHI | \Assistant Professor, IMR, Tohoku University, Japan | \taka.taniguchiimr.tohoku.ac.jp | \
2019(Visiting Student) | \Gwansuk OH | \Postech, Korea | \\ |
2019(PD) | \Chanchal SOW | \IIT Kanpur, India | \\ |
2019(Visiting Student) | \Jinkwon KIM | \Seoul National University, Korea | \\ |
2019(Visiting Student) | \Marco Robert HOFFMANN | \\ | \ |
2018(Visiting Student) | \Igor MARKOVIC | \School of Physics and Astronomy, Univesrity of St Andrews, The United Kingdom | \\ |
2017(Visiting Student) | \Carla PALOMARES GARCIA | \University of Cambridge, The United Kingdom | \\ |
2017(Visiting Student) | \Han Gyeol LEE | \Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Korea | \\ |
2017(PD) | \Takayoshi YAMANAKA | \Assistant Professor, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Japan | \t-yamanakars.tus.ac.jp | \
2017(Visiting Student) | \Jan N. HAUSMANN | \\ | \ |
2016(PD) | \Muhammad Shahbaz ANWAR | \University of Cambridge, The United Kingdom | \\ |
2014(Visiting Student) | \Tim KNAEBLE | \M1 student, TU Münich, Germany | \tim.knaeblemytum.de | \
2014(Visiting Student) | \Kaveh LAHABI | \PhD student, Leiden University, The Netherland | \\ |
2013(Visiting Student) | \Kevin MORTIMER | \M2 student, McMaster University, Canada | \mortimkdmcmaster.ca | \
2012(Visiting Researcher) | \Claude BERTHIER | \Professor, Group leader, Solids NMR Group, CNRS Grenoble, France | \\ |
2011(PD) | \Yusuke NAKAI | \Associate Professor, Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyog, Japan | \nakaisci.u-hyogo.ac.jp | \
2011(Visiting Student) | \Florian HUEBLER | \The Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany | \\ |
2010(PD) | \Yoshihiko IHARA | \Lecturer, Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Japan | \yiharaphys.sci.hokudai.ac.jp | \
2010(PD) | \Darren PEETS | \Xide Fellow, Advanced Materials Laboratory, Fudan University, China | \\ |
2010(PD) | \Markus KRIENER | \Senior Research Scientist, Strong Correlation Materials Research Team, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan | \markus.krienerriken.jp | \
2009(Visiting Student) | \Alex YING | \\ | \ |
2009(Visiting Student) | \Paula GIRALDO | \\ | \ |
2007(Visiting Student) | \Jake BOBOWSKI | \University of British Columbia, Okanagan, Canada | \Jake.Bobowskiubc.ca | \
2005(Visiting Student) | \Rosalba T. FITTIPALDI | \Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita degli Studi di Salerno, Italy | \\ |
2005(PD) | \Robin S. PERRY | \Royal Society Research fellow, Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, School of Physics, The University of Edinburgh, UK | \robin.perryed.ac.uk | \
2005(Visiting Student) | \Nada JOO | \\ | \ |
2004(PD) | \Kazuhiko DEGUCHI | \Lecturer, Graduate School of Scicence, Nagoya University, Japan | \deguchinagoya-u.jp | \
2003(Visiting Student) | \Joe HOOPER | \\ | \ |
2003(PD) | \Naoki KIKUGAWA | \National Institute for Materials Science, Japan | \\ |
(PD) | \Zhiqiang MAO | \Associate Professor, Tulane University, USA | \zmaotulane.edu | \
2003(PD) | \Tomohiro ARAI | \\ | \ |
2002 | \Christos PANAGOPOULOS | \Associate Professor, Department of Physics, University of Crete, Greece | \\ |
2001(PD) | \Alexey E. KOVALEV | \University of Pennsylvania / Russian Academy of Sciences, USA / Russia | \\ |
2001(PD) | \Makariy A. TANATAR | \Associate Scientist, Ames Lab, Iowa State University / Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, USA / Ukraine | \\ |
\ | Andy TYLER | \\ | \ |
1995(Research Student) | \Masashi OGAWA | \Nan-Yo High School, Japan | \\ |
1995(PD) | \Gennandiy Y. LOGVENOV | \University of Augsburg / Russian Academy of Sciences, Germany / Russia | \\ |
1994(PD) | \Mark V. KARTSOVNIK | \Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities / Russian Academy of Sciences, Germany / Russia | \\ |
1993(PD) | \Yuri V. SUSHKO | \University of Kentucky / Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, USA / Ukraine | \\ |
1992(Research Student) | \Yong WANG | \\ | \ |
Year | Name | Current Position | E-mail Address |
---|---|---|---|
2020 | \Atsutoshi IKEDA | \\ | \ |
2020 | \Ivan KOSTYLEV | \Postdoc, OIST, Japan | \\ |
2019 | \Yuuki YASUI | \Postdoctoral Researcher, RIKEN, Japan | \yuuki.yasuiriken.jp | \
2019 | \Masahiro MANAGO | \JSPS Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Japan | \managocrystal.kobe-u.ac.jp | \
2018 | \Mohamed OUDAH | \Postdoctoral Fellow, University of British Columbia, Canada | \mohamed.oudahubc.ca | \
2018 | \Anlu SHI | \Assistant manager, Arithmer Inc., Japan | \chemshi90yahoo.co.jp | \
2016 | \Takayoshi YAMANAKA | \Assistant Professor, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Japan | \t-yamanakars.tus.ac.jp | \
2016 | \Marco-Polo JIMENEZ-SEGURA | \Associate Professor C, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico | \mpolounam.mx | \
2015 | \Kosuke KARUBE | \Postdoctoral Researcher, Strong Correlation Materials Research Team, Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, Japan | \kosuke.karuberiken.jp | \
2014 | \Tetsuya IYE | \Engineering Consultant, Telecommunication Systems Dept., Kozo Keikaku Engineering Inc., Japan | \tetsuya-iyekke.co.jp | \
2014 | \Haruka TANIGUCHI | \Research Associate, Department of Physical Science and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Iwate University, Japan | \tanigiwate-u.ac.jp | \
2013 | \Gaku EGUCHI | \University Assistant, Institute of Solid State Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Austria | \eguchiifp.tuwien.ac.at | \
2013 | \Shunsaku KITAGAWA | \Assistant Professor, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Japan | \kitagawa.shunsaku.8ukyoto-u.ac.jp | \
2012 | \Taketomo NAKAMURA | \Assistant Professor, Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Japan | \taketomoissp.u-tokyo.ac.jp | \
2010 | \Shunichiro KITTAKA | \Associate Professor, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Japan | \kittakaphys.chuo-u.ac.jp | \
2010 | \Hiroshi TAKATSU | \Senior Lecturer(CREST), Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan | \takatsuscl.kyoto-u.ac.jp | \
2009 | \Yusuke NAKAI | \Associate Professor, Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyog, Japan | \nakaisci.u-hyogo.ac.jp | \
2009 | \Yusuke NAMBU | \Associate Professor, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Japan | \\ |
2008 | \Yoshihiko IHARA | \Lecturer, Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Japan | \yiharaphys.sci.hokudai.ac.jp | \
2008 | \Shingo YONEZAWA | \Assistant Professor, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Japan | \yonezawascphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp | \
2007 | \Kentaro KITAGAWA | \Lecturer, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan | \kitagawaphys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp | \
2007 | \Hiroshi MURAKAWA | \Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Japan | \murakawaphys.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp | \
2007 | \Yo MACHIDA | \Associate Professor, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Japan | \yo.machidagakushuin.ac.jp | \
2006 | \Ryuji HIGASHINAKA | \Assistant Professor, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan | \higashinakaphys.se.tmu.ac.jp | \
2004 | \Kazuhiko DEGUCHI | \Lecturer, Graduate School of Scicence, Nagoya University, Japan | \deguchinagoya-u.jp | \
2003 | \Hideto FUKAZAWA | \Associate Professor, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Japan | \hidetochiba-u.jp | \
2002 | \Yoshiaki SHIMOJO | \\ | \ |
2001 | \Satoru NAKATSUJI | \Professor, Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Japan | \satoruissp.u-tokyo.ac.jp | \
2001 | \Shu NAKAHARAI | \MANA Scientist, Nano-System Field, MANA, NIMS, Japan | \\ |
2001 | \Masanari MINAMIKATA | \\ | \ |
2000 | \Eiji OHMICHI | \Associate Professor, Kobe University, Japan | \ohmichiharbor.kobe-u.ac.jp | \
2000 | \Shuji NISHIZAKI | \Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan | \nishizaki.shuji.6ukyoto-u.ac.jp | \
1999 | \Takahiko MASUI | \Associate Professor, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, Japan | \\ |
1998 | \Hideki HANEDA | \Mitsubishi Electronics, Japan | \\ |
1998 | \Shinichi IKEDA | \Minimal System G (& Environmental Management Research Institute), Nanoelectronics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan | \ikeda-shinaist.go.jp | \
1997 | \Taliq H. GILANI | \\ | \ |
1996 | \Kazuyoshi OGASAWARA | \Professor, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Japan | \\ |
1994 | \Hiroshi KANEKO | \Assistant Professor, Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Kanazawa University, Japan | \\ |
1993 | \Hiroshi ITO | \Associate Professor, Department of Applied Physics, Nagoya University, Japan | \itonuap.nagoya-u.ac.jp | \
Year | Name | Current Position | E-mail Address |
---|---|---|---|
2020 | \Tomonori OKUNO | \\ | \ |
2020 | \Shun KOIBUCHI | \JFE Steel Corporation, Japan | \\ |
2020 | \Takuto MIYOSHI | \R & D, Hitachi, Ltd., Japan | \\ |
2019 | \Ryo NUMASAKI | \\ | \ |
2019 | \Haruki SUWA | \SanDisk, Japan | \\ |
2018 | \Takeshi KAWAMURA | \Fujitsu, Japan | \takeshikungmail.com | \
2018 | \Masanao KUNIEDA | \\ | \ |
2018 | \Kazushi YONEKAWA | \National Diet Library, Japan | \\ |
2018 | \Yuki TASUMI | \Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA | \yukitmit.edu | \
2017 | \Ryoichi TAKAKI | \Research & development, Showa Denko K.K., Japan | \\ |
2017 | \Kengo TAJIRI | \NTT lab., Japan | \\ |
2017 | \Takumi HIGUCHI | \Yokogawa Electric Corporation, Japan | \\ |
2016 | \Yusuke SUGIMOTO | \\ | \ |
2016 | \Daisuke NISHIMIYA | \\ | \ |
2015 | \Daisuke SUGIMOTO | \SanDisk Limited, Japan | \\ |
2015 | \Daisuke SHIBATA | \Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Japan | \shibata.daisuke.72wst.kyoto-u.ac.jp | \
2015 | \Takeshi ARAI | \\ | \ |
2014 | \Yuki KAWASHIMA | \\ | \ |
2014 | \Yuji NAKAMURA | \Canon Inc., Japan | \\ |
2013 | \Tomohiro KAJIKAWA | \Yokogawa Electric Corporation, Japan | \\ |
2013 | \Yoshifumi YAMAOKA | \Power & Utilities unit, Deloitte Tohmatsu Consulting LLC, Japan | \\ |
2012 | \Takuya SUMI | \APJ Security Services Division, Akamai Technologies G. K., Japan | \\ |
2012 | \Ryo ISHIKAWA | \Panasonic, Japan | \\ |
2011 | \Tatsuya YAMAGISHI | \Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Japan | \\ |
2010 | \Ryoji NAKAGAWA | \Energy and Environmental Systems Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd., | \\ |
2009 | \Tetsuya OHTA | \Canon.Inc, Japan | \\ |
2009 | \Hitoshi SUGAWARA | \Renesas Electronics Corporation | \\ |
2009 | \Sotaro TANAKA | \Supervisor, Devices and Applications (Analysis Team), Advanced Technology Research Laboratories, Corporate R&D Division, Sharp Corporation, Japan | \Tanaka.sohtarohsharp.co.jp | \
2008 | \Kentaro KUGA | \Center for Advanced High Magnetic Field Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Japan | \kugamag.ahmf.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp | \
2008 | \Yuzo AONO | \\ | \ |
2008 | \Shuichi KUSABA | \\ | \ |
2007 | \Keisuke ONUMA | \\ | \ |
2007 | \Hideo TAKEYA | \\ | \ |
2006 | \Yuki UMAJI | \\ | \ |
2006 | \Hiroshi TONOMURA | \\ | \ |
2006 | \Shinji FUSANOBORI | \\ | \ |
2005 | \Masafumi SAITO | \KYOCERA Document Solutions Inc. | \\ |
2005 | \Keiichi TAKIZAWA | \\ | \ |
2005 | \Mattew S. FAGAN | \\ | \ |
2004 | \Osamu SAKAI | \Otis Engineering Center Japan, Nippon Otis Elevator company | \\ |
2003 | \YAMADA | \\ | \ |
2003 | \Masaki YOSHIOKA | \\ | \ |
2002 | \Makoto SUZUKI | \\ | \ |
2002 | \Daiki YANAGISHIMA | \ROHM Co., ltd. | \\ |
2002 | \Masahiko WADA | \\ | \ |
2001 | \Satoshi KAMIYA | \\ | \ |
2001 | \Kengo SUGAWARA | \Lecturer, Electric and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Japan | \ksugahargmail.com | \
2001 | \Shuichi NAGAI | \\ | \ |
2000 | \Takashi AKIMA | \Teacher, Junior High School, Japan | \\ |
2000 | \Takashi KAWASAKI | \\ | \ |
2000 | \Ryoji HASEGAWA | \\ | \ |
1999 | \Takafumi ANDO | \\ | \ |
1998 | \Taira KINOSHITA | \\ | \ |
1998 | \Yasumitsu MORI | \\ | \ |
1997 | \Takayuki NAKADA | \\ | \ |
1997 | \Yumiko TANII (ISHIJIMA) | \\ | \ |
1996 | \YAMAUCHI | \\ | \ |
1995 | \Seiji MATSUURA | \\ | \ |
1995 | \Hideaki MATSUZAKI | \\ | \ |
1994 | \Kenji IDAKA | \Professor, Section of Sustainable Energy, Institute of Regional Innovation, Hirosaki University, Japan | \itakahirosaki-u.ac.jp | \
1993 | \Shigeki TAKEUCHI | \Professor, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan | \\ |
1992 | \KITABAYASHI | \Energy and Environment Systems Laboratories, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation, Japan | \\ |
1992 | \SATO | \\ | \ |
1992 | \YAMASHITA | \\ | \ |
Year | Name | Current Position | E-mail Address |
---|---|---|---|
2018 | \Yukie TAKASUKA | \\ | \ |
2018 | \Naho TERAO | \\ | \ |
2017 | \Ai SHISHIKURA | \Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Japan | \shishikurakueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp | \
2016 | \Tomotaka URAI | \Soft Matter Physics Group, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Japan | \torarino.totorogmail.com | \
2016 | \Kenjiro OKAMOTO | \Osaka University, Japan | \tiisakuhabatakou090gmail.com | \
2016 | \Suguru NAKATA | \Ph.D student, Max-Planck-Insutitute for Solid State Research, Germany | \S.Nakatafkf.mpg.de | \
2015 | \Masahiro NARITSUKA | \\ | \ |
2014 | \Yosuke HANAOKA | \Nano-scale Quantum Condensed Matter Physics Lab., Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Japan | \hanasan8748471yahoo.co.jp | \
2013 | \Takenaka KOHEI | \\ | \ |
2012 | \Aiko SHIMODA | \\ | \ |
2012 | \Keiji TATEISHI | \\ | \ |
2012 | \Jisho MIYAZAKI | \\ | \ |
2011 | \Masayuki NAKAMURA | \Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Japan | \nakamura03scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp | \
2011 | \Hiroki MAEGAWA | \Kodu High School, Japan | \\ |
2010 | \Jun ISHIKAWA | \Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Japan | \junissp.u-tokyo.ac.jp | \
2010 | \Junki MATSUZAKA | \\ | \ |
2009 | \Tatsuya IKEDA | \\ | \ |
2008 | \Kei YAMAMOTO | \\ | \ |
2008 | \Jun-ichi OKAMOTO | \\ | \ |
2007 | \Nobuhiro SHIMAZUI | \\ | \ |
2007 | \Yujiro HAYASHI | \\ | \ |
2007 | \Shiro YANO | \\ | \ |
2006 | \Shingo ONODERA | \\ | \ |
2006 | \Shuji NAKAMURA | \\ | \ |
2006 | \Takayuki MURANUSHI | \\ | \ |
2005 | \Takashi OHNISHI | \\ | \ |
2005 | \Seiji KANO | \\ | \ |
2005 | \Akihiko HISADA | \Assistant Professor, Tokushima University, Japan | \\ |
2005 | \HIRANO | \\ | \ |
2004 | \KAMATA | \\ | \ |
2004 | \Makoto YAMASHITA | \\ | \ |
2004 | \Tatsuro YUGE | \Assistant Professor, Sizuoka University, Japan | \\ |
2003 | \Isao SATO | \\ | \ |
2003 | \Go SATO | \\ | \ |
2003 | \Takayuki MORIMOTO | \\ | \ |
2002 | \OHYA | \\ | \ |
2002 | \Tran T. TRUNG | \\ | \ |
2002 | \Kentaro YANO | \\ | \ |
2001 | \SAIDA | \\ | \ |
2001 | \TSUJI | \\ | \ |
2000 | \KUBO | \\ | \ |
2000 | \Arito NISHIMORI | \\ | \ |
1999 | \KAMITOH | \\ | \ |
1999 | \IWAMOTO | \\ | \ |
1999 | \Naoki OHSAWA | \\ | \ |
1998 | \Hiroto ADACHI | \Associate Professor, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, Japan | \\ |
1998 | \Shigeki | \\ | \ |
1998 | \Takuji NOMURA | \Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Japan | \\ |
1997 | \ISHIHARA | \\ | \ |
1997 | \KIM | \\ | \ |
1997 | \Teruhisa TAKEDA | \\ | \ |
1995 | \Yutaka FUJII | \Associate Professor, Research Center for Development of Far-Infrared Region, University of Fukui, Japan | \fujiiapphy.u-fukui.ac.jp | \
1994 | \Hiroshi TSUKADA | \\ | \ |
1992 | \So KITSUNEZAKI | \Assistant Professor, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women\'s University, Japan | \kitsuneki-rin.phys.nara-wu.ac.jp | \
1992 | \WATANABE | \\ | \ |
1991 | \Hiroshi KONTANI | \Professor, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Japan | \konslab.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp | \
1991 | \HAMANAKA | \\ | \ |